High-Quality TSHR Recombinant Proteins and Antibodies for Thyroid Research

Structure, Function, and Post-Translational Insights

TSHR belongs to the LGR subfamily of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and is primarily coupled to Gs proteins. The human TSHR gene, found on chromosome 14q31, spans over 190,000 bp and comprises 10 exons. Exons 1–9 encode the extensive extracellular domain—featuring a signal peptide, a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain crucial for ligand binding, and a hinge region—while exon 10 encodes the seven transmembrane domains along with the cytoplasmic tail.

Upon binding TSH at the interface between the LRR and the hinge region, TSHR undergoes significant conformational changes that activate intracellular signaling cascades. These events lead to the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. Importantly, TSHR function is finely tuned by multiple post-translational modifications, including N-glycosylation and palmitoylation, which are critical for receptor stability, ligand affinity, and proper signal transduction.

Fig.2 – Genomic features and detailed protein structure of TSHR, highlighting its modular architecture.

TSHR in Disease and Therapeutic Advances

Aberrations in TSHR signaling are central to the pathogenesis of several thyroid disorders. For instance, in Graves’ Disease, stimulatory autoantibodies bind to TSHR, leading to hyperthyroidism and ocular complications. Conversely, blocking antibodies in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis can suppress receptor activity, culminating in hypothyroidism. Furthermore, altered TSHR expression levels in thyroid nodules and cancers are emerging as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Recent research has deepened our understanding of TSHR’s molecular interactions and its role in immune responses. These insights are fueling the development of novel therapies that target receptor conformation and signaling—offering hope for more effective management of autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancers.

Fig.3 – Comparative binding analysis of TSH and therapeutic antibodies (M22, K1-70) to TSHR.

Featured TSHR Research Reagents from AbinScience

AbinScience is committed to advancing thyroid research by providing a robust portfolio of high-quality recombinant TSHR proteins and antibodies. Our reagents are rigorously tested for applications such as ELISA, immunogen preparation, SDS-PAGE, Western blot analysis, and ongoing bioactivity assays.

By integrating advanced structural insights with clinical observations, our TSHR reagents empower researchers to decode complex thyroid pathologies and innovate targeted therapies. Whether you are investigating receptor signaling nuances or developing diagnostic assays, our products deliver reliability and performance.

Explore our comprehensive TSHR portfolio to elevate your thyroid research.

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